Category Archives: Process Facilities

Dense phase is a favorable condition for transporting carbon dioxide (CO2) and natural gas as well as carbon dioxide injection into crude oil reservoir for enhanced oil recovery. Pipelines have been built to transport CO2 and natural gas [1] in the dense phase region due to its higher density, and this also provides the addedContinue Reading

When a pure compound, in gaseous or liquid state, is heated and compressed above the critical temperature and pressure, it becomes a dense, highly compressed fluid that demonstrates properties of both liquid and gas. For a pure compound above critical pressure and critical temperature, the system is oftentimes referred to as a “dense fluid” orContinue Reading

In the June 2012 Tip of the Month (TOTM), we evaluated the accuracy of a recently published model by Mamrosh et al. [1] against experimental data for CO2 and H2S solubility in triethylene glycol (TEG) solution. Based on this model, we reproduced several diagrams that can be used quickly to determine the absorption of theseContinue Reading

In gas dehydration service, triethylene glycol (TEG) will absorb limited quantities of BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene) and acid gases such as carbon dioxide (CO2) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) from the gas. Predicted absorption levels for acid gases can be as high as about 10 SCF/gallon (75 SCM/m3) of TEG solution and depends onContinue Reading

Hydrocarbons are frequently produced with non-hydrocarbon impurities. The most common include water, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide and nitrogen. We have already discussed water-hydrocarbon phase behavior in detail in the October and November 2007 Tips of the Month (TOTM). Since water has a low vapor pressure and is virtually immiscible in the hydrocarbon liquid phase, itContinue Reading

Wikipedia [1] describes dry ice as “the solid form of carbon dioxide (CO2). It is colorless, odorless, non-flammable, and slightly acidic [2]. At temperatures below −69.9°F (−56.6°C) and pressures below 75.2 psia (518 kPa), the triple point, CO2 changes from a solid to a gas with no intervening liquid form, through a process called sublimation. The opposite process is called deposition, where CO2 changes fromContinue Reading

In the January and February 2012 tips of the month (TOTM) we discussed the isothermal and non-isothermal transportation of pure carbon dioxide (CO2) in the dense phase region. We illustrated how thermophysical properties changed in the dense phase and studied their impacts on pressure drop calculations. The pressure drop calculation results utilizing the liquid phaseContinue Reading

 In the January 2012 tip of the month (TOTM) we discussed the isothermal transportation of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the dense phase. We illustrated how thermophysical properties changed in the dense phase and studied their impacts on pressure drop calculations. The pressure drop calculation results utilizing the liquid phase and vapor phase equations were exactlyContinue Reading

 In this tip of the month (TOTM) we will discuss transportation of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the dense phase. We will illustrate how thermophysical properties change in the dense phase and their impacts on pressure drop calculations. The pressure drop calculations results utilizing the liquid phase and vapor phase equations will be compared. The applicationContinue Reading

In the last tip of the month (TOTM) we described the dense phase of a pure compound and how it impacted processes. We illustrated how thermophysical properties change in the dense phase as well as in the neighboring phases. The application of dense phase in the oil and gas industry was discussed briefly. In thisContinue Reading