Written on September 1, 2018 at 12:00 pm, by admin
The phase behavior of a light hydrocarbon compound like propane and water binary system is complicated for the following two reasons: 1. Very low mutual solubility in liquid phases 2. At lower temperatures, ice or hydrates is formed. Reference [1] presents an excellent review of a propane – water system phase behavior. It gives anContinue Reading
Written on July 9, 2018 at 7:19 am, by admin
In natural gas treating, there are several processes available for removing acid gases. Aqueous solutions of alkanolamines are the most widely used [1]. The alkanolamines process is characterized as “mass transfer enhanced by chemical reactions” in which acid gases react directly or react through an acid-base buffer mechanism with alkanolamines to form nonvolatile ionic species. For further detail of sour gastreating referContinue Reading
Written on June 4, 2018 at 11:08 am, by admin
This Tip of the Month (TOTM) discusses practical tips that have yielded strong positive results on oil and gas projects. WHAT IS THE KEY TO ANY SUCCESSFUL PROJECT? Reports are great and useful tools, but the most important factor to a successful project is PEOPLE. This Tip of the Month discusses practical tips that have yieldedContinue Reading
Written on May 1, 2018 at 4:17 pm, by admin
Specification breaks or “Spec Breaks” are extremely important, and are not normally taught in college. They are noted on Piping and Instrumentation Diagrams (P&ID’s) and indicate where a specification change has occurred on piping with regards to Flange Rating, Material, or insulation. They are extremely important in Hazard and Operability Reviews (HAZOP’s) when reviewing reliefContinue Reading
Written on April 2, 2018 at 7:52 am, by admin
Due to the importance of CO2 injection for enhanced oil recovery and the increasing interest in CO2capture and sequestration, this study was undertaken to prepare simple charts for accurately estimating the density for hydrocarbon systems containing nil to 100% CO2. The September 2008 Tip of the Month (TOTM) [1] evaluated the accuracy of Katz [2]Continue Reading
Written on March 5, 2018 at 9:44 am, by admin
Multiphase flow measurement (MPFM) is accomplished by using a system of devices that reports the volume or mass of oil, water and gas, generally at some standard process condition of temperature and pressure. The various forms of multiphase flow measurement include a three-phase vessel that separates oil water and gas flow streams, or a vessel that separatesContinue Reading
Written on February 1, 2018 at 12:01 am, by admin
A fractionator is a column equipped with trays or packing materials for separating a mixture of components into two or more products, at least one of which will have a controlled composition or vapor pressure. In crude oil or condensate systems, such a fractionator is often called a stabilizer and is an alternative to stageContinue Reading
Written on January 2, 2018 at 3:45 pm, by admin
The analysis of Figures 1 through 3 indicates that the for pressures up to 100 psia (690 kPa) the Raoult’s law water content deviations from real state water content are within about +4% and -4%. The water vapor content of natural gases in equilibrium with water is commonly estimated from Figure 6.1 of Campbell book [1]Continue Reading
Written on December 2, 2017 at 3:51 pm, by admin
Continuing the January 2008 [1] Tip of The Month (TOTM), this tip demonstrates two methods to optimize the performance of a refrigeration system employing a flash tank economizer and two stages of compression. Specifically, we will minimize the compressor total power and condenser duty by optimizing the interstage pressure. The details of a simpleContinue Reading
Written on November 3, 2017 at 3:20 pm, by admin
Accurate measurement and prediction of crude oil and natural gas liquid (NGL) products vapor pressure are important for safe storage and transportation, custody transfer, minimizing vaporization losses and environmental protection. Vapor pressure specifications are typically stated in Reid Vapor Pressure (RVP) or/and True Vapor Pressure (TVP). In addition to the standard procedures for their measurements,Continue Reading
